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A transformer is essentially an AC device. DC source causes no mutual induction between coils. If E2 = 0 and I2 = 0, what is the relationship between V1, V2, I1, and I2?

1. V2 / V1 = I1 / I2
2. V2 / V1 = V1 / I2
3. V2 / V1 = I2 / I1
4. V2 / V1 = V1 / I1

Correct answer: V2 / V1 = I2 / I1

Solution

In a transformer, the voltage ratio is inversely proportional to the current ratio, i.e., V2 / V1 = I2 / I1, as per the principle of conservation of energy. This relationship holds true for an ideal transformer.

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