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In a semiconductor, which of the following statement is correct?

1. At \( 0 K \), Si is a super conductor.
2. In a p-type semiconductor the acceptor level lies near the conduction band.
3. Each donor atom contributes one hole.
4. \( p-n \) junction is electrically neutral

Correct answer: \( p-n \) junction is electrically neutral

Solution

In a p-n junction, the uncovered ionized donors and acceptors in the depletion region create equal and opposite charges, so the junction as a whole is electrically neutral. The other options are incorrect because Si is not superconducting at 0 K, acceptor levels are near the valence band, and donor atoms contribute electrons, not holes.

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