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Assertion: When capacitive reactance is smaller than inductive reactance in an LCR circuit, the e.m.f. leads the current. Reason: The phase angle is the angle between the alternating e.m.f. and alternating current of the circuit.

1. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. If assertion is true but reason is false.
4. If the assertion and reason both are false.

Correct answer: If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution

If \(X_C < X_L\), the circuit behaves inductively, so voltage (e.m.f.) leads current. The reason is true because phase angle is indeed the angle between voltage and current, but it does not explain why the lead occurs.

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