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Two bodies at different temperatures are mixed in a calorimeter. Which of the following quantities remains conserved?

1. sum of the temperatures of the two bodies
2. total heat of the two bodies
3. total internal energy of the two bodies
4. internal energy of each body

Correct answer: total internal energy of the two bodies

Solution

In an ideal calorimeter, the two bodies exchange heat only with each other, so the system’s total internal energy stays constant. Temperatures and individual internal energies change until thermal equilibrium is reached.

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