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Internal energy does not include

1. vibrational energy
2. rotational energy
3. energy arising by gravitational pull
4. nuclear energy

Correct answer: energy arising by gravitational pull

Solution

Internal energy is the sum of microscopic energies within a system, such as vibrational, rotational, and nuclear contributions. Energy arising from gravitational pull is a macroscopic potential energy due to position in an external field, so it is not part of internal energy.

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