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Assertion The change in internal energy and change in heat enthalpy does not depend upon the path by which changes are brought in. Reason Both \( \Delta U \) and \( \Delta H \) are path independent as U and H are state functions.

1. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
2. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion
3. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
4. Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct

Correct answer: Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.

Solution

Both internal energy (U) and enthalpy (H) are state functions, so their changes depend only on the initial and final states. Therefore, the path taken between those states does not affect ΔU or ΔH, making the reason the correct explanation of the assertion.

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