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Sodium hydroxide is manufacture by the electrolysis of brine solution. The reaction by-products are:

1. \( C l_{2} \) and \( H_{2} \)
2. \( C l_{2} \) and \( \mathrm{Na}-\mathrm{Hg} \)
3. \( C l_{2} \) and \( \mathrm{NaC} \)
4. \( C l_{2} \) and \( O_{2} \)

Correct answer: \( C l_{2} \) and \( H_{2} \)

Solution

During electrolysis of brine, chloride ions are oxidized at the anode to chlorine gas, while water is reduced at the cathode to hydrogen gas. Sodium hydroxide remains in solution, so the main by-products are chlorine and hydrogen.

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