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In certain polar solvents \( \boldsymbol{P} \boldsymbol{C l}_{5} \) undergoes an ionisation reaction in which \( C l^{-} \) ion leaves one \( P C l_{5} \) molecule and attaches itself to another \( 2 P C l_{5} \rightleftharpoons P C l_{4}^{+}+P C l_{6}^{-} \) What are the changes in the geometrical shapes that occur in this ionisation?

1. Trigonal Bipyramidal to tetrahedral and octahedral
2. Trigonal Bipyramidal to pentagonal planar and square planar
3. Pentagonal planar to tetrahedral and octahedral
4. None of these

Correct answer: Trigonal Bipyramidal to tetrahedral and octahedral

Solution

In PCl5, phosphorus has five bonding pairs and no lone pairs, giving a trigonal bipyramidal shape. After ionization, PCl4+ has four bonding pairs around phosphorus, so it becomes tetrahedral, while PCl6− has six bonding pairs, giving an octahedral shape.

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