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The efficiency of a fuel cell (η) is given by the formula η = ΔG / ΔH. Which of the following statements correctly describes the terms ΔG and ΔH?

1. ΔH represents the energy supplied to the system (input), while ΔG signifies the energy effectively utilized (output).
2. ΔH represents the energy effectively utilized (output), while ΔG signifies the energy supplied to the system (input).
3. ΔH corresponds to the energy dissipated as heat, while ΔG represents the energy supplied to the system (input).
4. ΔH corresponds to the energy dissipated as heat, while ΔG represents the energy effectively utilized (output).

Correct answer: ΔH represents the energy supplied to the system (input), while ΔG signifies the energy effectively utilized (output).

Solution

In a fuel cell, ΔH represents the total energy change (input), while ΔG represents the useful energy obtained (output). The efficiency is calculated as the ratio of useful energy to total energy.

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