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The relationship ΔG = -nE° F is given. For a concentration cell, the expression for E is RT/nF ln(C₂/C₁), where R, T, n, and F are constants. Therefore, E depends on ln(C₂/C₁). Substituting this into ΔG, we get ΔG = -RT ln(C₂/C₁). At a fixed temperature, ΔG is influenced by ln(C₂/C₁). Which of the following equations correctly represents ΔG?

1. ΔG = -nE° F
2. E = RT/nF ln(C₂/C₁)
3. ΔG = -RT ln(C₂/C₁)
4. At constant temperature, ΔG depends on ln(C₂/C₁)

Correct answer: ΔG = -RT ln(C₂/C₁)

Solution

The correct expression for Gibbs free energy in terms of concentration is ΔG = -RT ln C₂/C₁, derived from the Nernst equation for a concentration cell.

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