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In the nitrate ion (NO3-), nitrogen exhibits sp2 hybridization, resulting in a planar molecular geometry. In the hydronium ion (H3O+), oxygen undergoes sp3 hybridization, leading to a trigonal pyramidal shape. Which of the following is correctly matched with its hybridization?

1. SbCl5: sp3d2 hybridization
2. I3-, SF4, and PCl5: all exhibit sp3d hybridization
3. BF3: sp2 hybridization
4. NO2-: sp2 hybridization

Correct answer: NO2-: sp2 hybridization

Solution

In NO2-, the nitrogen atom undergoes sp2 hybridisation, resulting in a bent shape due to the presence of a lone pair. This matches the hybridisation described in option D.

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