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For vaporization of water at 1 atmospheric pressure, the values of ΔH and ΔS are 40.63 kJ mol⁻¹ and 108.8 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹, respectively. The temperature when Gibbs energy change (ΔG) for this transformation will be zero, is:
- 293.4 K
- 273.4 K
- 393.4 K
- 373.4 K
Correct answer: 373.4 K
Solution
For ΔG = 0, the equation ΔG = ΔH - TΔS simplifies to T = ΔH/ΔS. Substituting ΔH = 40.63 kJ mol⁻¹ (40630 J mol⁻¹) and ΔS = 108.8 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹, T = 40630 / 108.8 = 373.4 K.
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