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A chemical reaction will be spontaneous if it is accompanied by a decrease of

1. entropy of the system
2. enthalpy of the system
3. internal energy of the system
4. free energy of the system

Correct answer: free energy of the system

Solution

A chemical reaction is spontaneous if the Gibbs free energy (ΔG) decreases, i.e., ΔG < 0. This is the fundamental criterion for spontaneity.

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