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Equal volumes of molar hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid are neutralized by dil. NaOH solution and x kcal and y kcal of heat are liberated respectively. Which of the following is true?

1. x = y
2. x = 1/2y
3. None of these
4. x = 2y

Correct answer: x = 1/2y

Solution

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) provides one H+ ion per molecule, while sulfuric acid (H2SO4) provides two H+ ions per molecule. Thus, for equal molar volumes, the heat released by H2SO4 will be approximately double that of HCl, making x = 1/2y.

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