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In all the species, the center atom is sp³ hybridised. Which species has maximum bond angle?

1. NH₄⁺
2. CH₄
3. H₂O
4. NH₃

Correct answer: CH₄

Solution

In CH₄, the central carbon atom is sp³ hybridized, and all bond angles are 109.5° due to the tetrahedral geometry. NH₄⁺ also has a tetrahedral geometry with 109.5° bond angles, but lone pair repulsion in NH₃ and H₂O reduces their bond angles below 109.5°.

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