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Among the following orbital bonds, the angle is minimum between

1. sp³ bonds
2. pₓ and pᵧ orbitals
3. H–O–H in water
4. sp bonds

Correct answer: H–O–H in water

Solution

The bond angle in H–O–H (water) is approximately 104.5°, which is smaller than the angles in sp³ (109.5°), sp (180°), and the 90° angle between pₓ and pᵧ orbitals. This is due to lone pair-bond pair repulsion in water.

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