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The BCl₃ is a planar molecule whereas NCl₃ is pyramidal because

1. B–Cl bond is more polar than N–Cl bond
2. N–Cl bond is more covalent than B–Cl bond
3. Nitrogen atom is smaller than boron atom
4. BCl₃ has no lone pair but NCl₃ has a lone pair of electrons

Correct answer: BCl₃ has no lone pair but NCl₃ has a lone pair of electrons

Solution

BCl₃ is planar because boron has no lone pair, leading to sp² hybridization and trigonal planar geometry. NCl₃ is pyramidal due to the lone pair on nitrogen, which distorts the geometry to a trigonal pyramidal shape.

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