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Which of the following set of molecules will have zero dipole moment?

1. Boron trifluoride, hydrogen fluoride, carbon dioxide, 1,3-dichlorobenzene
2. Nitrogen trifluoride, beryllium difluoride, water, 1,3-dichlorobenzene
3. Boron trifluoride, beryllium difluoride, carbon dioxide, 1,4-dichlorobenzene
4. Ammonia, beryllium difluoride, water, 1,4-dichlorobenzene

Correct answer: Boron trifluoride, beryllium difluoride, carbon dioxide, 1,4-dichlorobenzene

Solution

Molecules with zero dipole moment are symmetric, causing their dipole moments to cancel out. Boron trifluoride, beryllium difluoride, carbon dioxide, and 1,4-dichlorobenzene are all symmetric and thus have zero dipole moment.

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