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The energy absorbed by each molecule (A₂) of a substance is 4.4 × 10⁻¹⁹ J and bond energy per molecule is 4.0 × 10⁻¹⁹ J. The kinetic energy of the molecule per atom will be:

1. 2.2 × 10⁻¹⁹ J
2. 2.0 × 10⁻¹⁹ J
3. 4.0 × 10⁻²⁰ J
4. 2.0 × 10⁻²⁰ J

Correct answer: 2.0 × 10⁻²⁰ J

Solution

The energy absorbed by the molecule is 4.4 × 10⁻¹⁹ J, and the bond energy is 4.0 × 10⁻¹⁹ J. The excess energy (4.4 × 10⁻¹⁹ - 4.0 × 10⁻¹⁹ = 0.4 × 10⁻¹⁹ J) is converted into kinetic energy. Since the molecule splits into two atoms, the kinetic energy per atom is (0.4 × 10⁻¹⁹ J) ÷ 2 = 2.0 × 10⁻²⁰ J.

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