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An electrochemical cell is set up as: Pt; H2 (1 atm) | HCl(0.1 M) || CH3COOH(0.1 M)| H2 (1 atm); Pt. The e.m.f. of this cell will not be zero, because

1. the temperature is constant
2. e.m.f depends on molarities of acids used
3. acids used in two compartments are different
4. pH of 0.1 M HCl and 0.1 M CH3COOH is not same

Correct answer: pH of 0.1 M HCl and 0.1 M CH3COOH is not same

Solution

The e.m.f. of the cell arises because the pH of 0.1 M HCl (a strong acid) and 0.1 M CH3COOH (a weak acid) are different, leading to different hydrogen ion concentrations and thus a potential difference.

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