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IBPS PO Reasoning: Logical Reasoning questions with solutions

152 questions with worked solutions.

Questions

Q1. Statements: In a one-day cricket match, the total runs made by a team were 200. Out of these, 160 runs were made by spinners. Conclusions: I. 80% of the team consists of spinners. II. The opening batsmen were spinners.

  1. Only conclusion I follows
  2. Only conclusion II follows
  3. Either I or II follows
  4. Neither I nor II follows

Answer: Neither I nor II follows

The statement gives the number of runs scored by spinners, not the number of spinners in the team. So conclusion I does not follow. Nothing is said about who opened the batting, so conclusion II also does not follow.

Q2. Statements: The old order changed, yielding place to new. Conclusions: I. Change is the law of nature. II. Discard old ideas because they are old.

  1. Only conclusion I follows
  2. Only conclusion II follows
  3. Either I or II follows
  4. Neither I nor II follows

Answer: Only conclusion I follows

The statement indicates that old things are replaced by new ones, which supports the idea that change is natural. However, it does not say that old ideas should be discarded merely because they are old.

Q3. Statements: Population increase coupled with depleting resources is going to be the scenario of many developing countries in the days to come. Conclusions: I. The population of developing countries will not continue to increase in future. II. It will be very difficult for the governments of developing countries to provide their people a decent quality of life.

  1. Only conclusion I follows
  2. Only conclusion II follows
  3. Either I or II follows
  4. Neither I nor II follows

Answer: Only conclusion II follows

The statement says population increase and depleting resources will be the scenario in many developing countries. This supports the inference that providing a decent quality of life will become difficult. But it does not say population will stop increasing, so conclusion I does not follow.

Q4. Statements: Primary school-going children in urban India have now become avid as well as more regular viewers of television, even in households without a TV. As a result, there has been an alarming decline in the extent of readership of newspapers. Conclusions: I. A method of increasing the readership of newspapers should be devised. II. A team of experts should be sent to other countries to study the impact of TV on the readership of newspapers.

  1. Only conclusion I follows
  2. Only conclusion II follows
  3. Either I or II follows
  4. Neither I nor II follows

Answer: Neither I nor II follows

The statement only describes the rise in TV viewing and the decline in newspaper readership. It does not suggest any specific method to increase readership or any need to send experts abroad. Therefore, neither conclusion follows.

Q5. Statements: N ≥ U > W; F < H ≤ S; G = N; W ≥ S. Conclusions: I. H < W II. U > F III. S < G Which conclusion(s) is/are true?

  1. Both I and III are true
  2. Only III is true
  3. Either I or II is true
  4. Both II and III are true

Answer: Both I and III are true

From N ≥ U > W and W ≥ S, we get N ≥ U > W ≥ S, so S < N and hence S < G because G = N. Also, H ≤ S and S ≤ W, so H < W is true. Conclusion II cannot be confirmed because F is only known to be less than H, not necessarily less than U.

Q6. Directions: In the following question, assuming the given statements to be true, find which of the conclusions among the given conclusions is/are definitely true and then give your answer accordingly. Statements: A ≥ B ≥ C; C < D < E; E ≥ F ≥ G; G < H > I Conclusions: I. A > I II. D < F III. F > I

  1. None is true
  2. Both I and II are true
  3. Only III is true
  4. Only II is true

Answer: None is true

The statements do not establish a definite relation between A and I, D and F, or F and I. Since each conclusion depends on missing direct comparison, none of them is definitely true.

Q7. Nine persons L, N, O, P, Q, W, Y, V, and Z live in three different cities: Barcelona, Dehradun, and Texas, but not necessarily in the same order. Q lives with V but neither in Texas nor Dehradun. P lives only with Z but not in Texas. W does not live with V. N neither lives with Y nor in Dehradun. O either lives in Dehradun or Texas. N does not live in Texas. An odd number of persons live in Barcelona. O lives with L. How many persons live in Texas?

  1. Three
  2. Five
  3. Two
  4. Four

Answer: Four

The clues force Q and V into Barcelona, while P and Z form another pair and O with L form a third group. Using the restrictions on N, W, and the odd-number condition for Barcelona, the only consistent distribution leaves four people in Texas. Hence, the answer is Four.

Q8. Statements: All circles are triangles. Some triangles are rectangles. All rectangles are squares. Conclusions: I. Some triangles are not rectangles. II. No square is a circle.

  1. if only conclusion I follows.
  2. if only conclusion II follows.
  3. if either conclusion I or II follows.
  4. if neither conclusion I nor II follows.

Answer: if neither conclusion I nor II follows.

From 'some triangles are rectangles,' we cannot conclude that some triangles are not rectangles. Also, 'all circles are triangles' and 'all rectangles are squares' do not imply that no square is a circle. Hence neither conclusion follows.

Q9. Seven boys P, Q, R, S, T, U, and V have different weights. V is heavier than Q. P is heavier than only three people. Q is heavier than P. T is heavier than R. U is heavier than R. U is heavier than R but lighter than Q. Who is the third lightest boy?

  1. T
  2. U
  3. R
  4. P

Answer: R

P is heavier than only three people, so P is 4th from the lightest. Q is heavier than P, and V is heavier than Q, while U and T are both heavier than R. From the given relations, R must be placed as the third lightest boy.

Q10. Twelve persons sit on twelve seats arranged in a row, and all of them are facing north. Y is the only neighbour of S. Three persons sit between S and O, who sits immediately to the left of K. More than three persons sit between K and H. K sits second to the left of P, who sits exactly between K and U. The number of persons between P and B is a multiple of 2. The number of persons between H and B is prime. Who among the following persons sits immediately to the right of H?

  1. P
  2. O
  3. K
  4. Unknown person

Answer: Unknown person

The arrangement constraints fix some positions, but not enough to uniquely determine H's immediate right neighbour. Since multiple valid seating arrangements satisfy all clues, the person to the immediate right of H cannot be identified uniquely.

Q11. Six people — A, B, C, D, E, and F — were part of a company in various posts. They were posted in the cities Bombay, Nainital, Chennai, Jaipur, Kolkata, and Allahabad. The ranks of the posts are Probationary Officer, Manager, Chief Manager, Divisional Manager, and Chief Executive Officer, with CEO being the highest post. It is known that E was ranked just above the person posted in Chennai. F was not posted in Jaipur. There were two people ranked between the person working in Kolkata and A, where the former was above the latter. C, who was in Nainital, was ranked just below the Chief Manager. The person posted in Allahabad was ranked higher than the person posted in Jaipur but lower than the person posted in Bombay. Only one person was ranked between B and D, where B was ranked higher than D. E was not a Divisional Manager. Who sits immediately below the person who works in Bombay?

  1. B
  2. D
  3. E
  4. C

Answer: E

Using the clues, the rank and city assignments can be arranged consistently so that Bombay is above Allahabad, which is above Jaipur. The person immediately below the Bombay-posted person is E.

Q12. Eleven persons B, G, I, K, N, R, S, T, V, X and Z live in three different states: Sikkim, Goa, and Bihar, but not necessarily in the same order. Not less than two and not more than five persons live in a particular state. R and X live in different states but not in Goa. Either G or B lives in Goa or Sikkim. T lives with only one other person. The number of persons living in Bihar is one more than the number of persons living in Goa. G does not live with Z in the same state. V lives in the state having the maximum number of persons. I lives in the state which has an even number of persons. B lives with V. Neither R nor N lives in Bihar. Which of the following statements is/are correct? A) Z and I live in the same state. B) V lives in Bihar. C) All of these D) Bihar has the maximum number of persons living.

  1. Z and I live in the same state.
  2. V lives in Bihar.
  3. All of these
  4. Bihar has maximum number of persons living.

Answer: All of these

The clues force a unique distribution of people across the three states, and the remaining conditions fix the placements consistently. From the final arrangement, Z and I end up in the same state, V is in Bihar, and Bihar has the maximum number of persons. Hence all the listed statements are correct.

Q13. Passage: Symbol meanings: A © B → A is smaller than B A @ B → A is either smaller than or equal to B A % B → A is greater than B A $ B → A is either greater than or equal to B A * B → A is equal to B Statements: B © T, T * M, M % F Conclusions: I. B © M II. B © F Which conclusion(s) is/are definitely true?

  1. Only Conclusion I is true
  2. Only Conclusion II is true
  3. Either Conclusion I or II is true
  4. Neither Conclusion I nor II is true

Answer: Only Conclusion I is true

From B © T, we get B < T. From T * M, T = M, so B < M, making Conclusion I true. Also, M % F means M > F, but this does not guarantee B < F, so Conclusion II is not definitely true.

Q14. Read the following information carefully and answer the question: Eight persons A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H celebrated their birthdays in different months of the same year: January, March, May, June, July, August, and November, but not necessarily in the same order. G celebrates his birthday in one of the months that has 30 days, but before November. Three persons celebrate their birthdays between H and G. C's birthday is just before H. The number of persons who celebrate after C is one less than the number of persons who celebrate before A. The number of birthdays between G and D is the same as the number of birthdays between G and F. Also, D celebrates his birthday just before C. B celebrates his birthday before E. Who among the following celebrates his birthday in November? 1. G 2. B 3. H 4. C 5. None of these

  1. G
  2. B
  3. H
  4. C

Answer: H

The clues force a unique arrangement of the birthdays across the months. After placing D just before C and C just before H, the remaining conditions about G, A, B, and E determine that H is in November.

Q15. Direction: In the question below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements, disregarding commonly known facts. Statement: Only a few Gold are Green. Some Gold are not Grey. Conclusion: I. All Gold being Grey is a possibility. II. At least some Grey are Green.

  1. Only I follows
  2. Only II follows
  3. Either I or II follows
  4. Neither I nor II follows

Answer: Neither I nor II follows

'Only a few Gold are Green' means some Gold are Green and some Gold are not Green. Since some Gold are not Grey, all Gold being Grey is impossible, so conclusion I does not follow. Also, there is no definite relation between Grey and Green, so conclusion II does not follow.

Q16. Statement: C < R < I < T < S = Y > P > A < L < D < F \ge G > H Conclusions: I. Y > C II. Y > D III. I < A

  1. Only Conclusion I is True
  2. Only Conclusion II is True
  3. Only Conclusion III is True
  4. Both Conclusion I and II is True

Answer: Only Conclusion I is True

From C < R < I < T < S = Y, we get Y > C, so conclusion I is true. But Y and D are not directly comparable, and I < A is false because A < L < D < F \ge G > H does not connect A above I. Hence only conclusion I follows.

Q17. Twelve persons sit on twelve seats arranged in a row, and all are facing north. Y is the only neighbour of S. Three persons sit between S and O, who sits immediately to the left of K. More than three persons sit between K and H. K sits second to the left of P, who sits exactly between K and U. The number of persons between P and B is a multiple of 2. The number of persons between H and B is prime. How many persons sit to the left of B?

  1. One
  2. Two
  3. Three
  4. Four

Answer: Two

Using the relations, K, P, and U can be fixed with P exactly between K and U, and O immediately left of K. Then S is placed with three persons between S and O, and Y as S’s only neighbour. Applying the remaining distance conditions places B such that exactly two persons are to its left.

Q18. Read the following passage and choose the correct answer. There are nine members in three generations and three married couples in the family. There are only four male members in the family. B is the son of E, who is the daughter-in-law of A. I is the father of G. C is the mother of D, who is the father of F. D is the son-in-law of H. G is unmarried and the aunt of F. I is not married to C. How is G related to D?

  1. son
  2. Sister-in-law
  3. Brother-in-law
  4. Father

Answer: Sister-in-law

From the clues, D is male and father of F, while G is unmarried and the aunt of F. Since G is the sibling of one of F’s parents, and D is that parent’s spouse, G is related to D as sister-in-law. The family structure confirms this relation.

Q19. A certain number of persons are sitting in a linear row facing north. Three persons are sitting between X and T, who is sitting adjacent to Q. X is to the left of Q. H is sitting 2nd to the right of Q. Two persons are sitting between H and S, who is sitting at one of the ends. S is not sitting adjacent to Q, who is sitting 2nd to the right of L. L is sitting exactly in the middle of the row. J is sitting 6th from the left end. X is not sitting to the right of J. Two persons are sitting between J and R. Two persons are sitting between X and K. Question: Who sits exactly in the middle of K and L?

  1. R
  2. J
  3. X
  4. T

Answer: X

Using the clues, the row can be arranged consistently with L at the center and Q two places to the right of L. From Q, H and then S are fixed, and the constraints on X, T, J, R, and K determine the full order. In the resulting arrangement, X lies exactly in the middle of K and L.

Q20. Some people are sitting in a row facing north. The following information is known about them: Only two people sit between H and C, and C sits fifth to the right of B. C sits third from the right end. D sits at the left end of the row, and only two people sit between D and A. F sits between A and B and is second to the right of A. Not more than two people sit between B and G, and G sits in front of H. Only one person sits between G and C. Question: How many people are sitting in the row?

  1. 10
  2. 12
  3. 14
  4. 15

Answer: 15

C is third from the right end, so its position is fixed relative to the total number of people. Combining this with the constraints on B, A, F, D, H, and G forces the row to extend to 15 positions. Thus, the total number of people is 15.

Q21. There are three floors in a building such that floor 2 is above floor 1 and floor 3 is above floor 2. There are two flats on each floor, and Flat A is to the west of Flat B. Each flat has an area of 576 sq ft, and each flat has a different number of rooms. The area of each room in one of the flats on an even-numbered floor is 64 sq ft. The total number of rooms on the third floor is seven. The flat whose each room has an area of 72 sq ft is on an odd-numbered floor. The flat with 9 rooms is directly below the flat with 288 sq ft room area. There is only one floor between the flat whose each room has an area of 192 sq ft and the flat whose rooms have an area of 72 sq ft. There is no flat to the west of the flat having 6 rooms. What is the area of each room of Flat B on the third floor?

  1. 144 ft
  2. 140.5
  3. 138.5
  4. 142

Answer: 144 ft

The clues about room counts and floor positions determine the arrangement of flats across the three floors. Using the fact that the 6-room flat cannot have a flat to its west and that the 9-room flat is directly above/below a specific flat, the third-floor Flat B is fixed. Its room area comes out to 144 sq ft.

Q22. Seven boxes A, B, C, D, E, F, and G are placed one above the other, but not necessarily in the given order. The boxes are numbered from 1 (bottommost) to 7 (topmost). All boxes are of different colors: Red, Blue, Violet, Indigo, Green, Orange, and Yellow, not necessarily in the same order. More than three boxes are placed below the blue box. Two boxes are placed between box A and the blue box. The number of boxes placed below box A is two less than the number of boxes placed between the blue box and box A. Box G is not placed at an odd-numbered position and is placed immediately above box E. The number of boxes placed above box E is equal to the number of boxes placed below the red box. The green box is placed above box A. Box D is placed immediately below the indigo box, but box D is not colored red. Box C is placed below the violet box but not at an odd-numbered position. Which of the following boxes is colored green?

  1. Box B
  2. Box G
  3. Box C
  4. Box A

Answer: Box B

The positional clues uniquely determine the order of the boxes and their colors. Once the arrangement is completed, the box colored green is Box B.

Q23. Statement: All keys are rubber. Only a few rubber are dots. Some dots are paper. Conclusions: I. Some keys are not paper. II. No paper being rubber is a possibility.

  1. Only I follows
  2. Only II follows
  3. Either I or II follow
  4. Neither I nor II follow

Answer: Only II follows

From 'All keys are rubber' and 'only a few rubber are dots,' we cannot निश्चितly conclude that some keys are not paper. However, since only some dots are paper, it is possible that no paper is rubber. Therefore, only conclusion II follows.

Q24. Statements: S ≤ L ≤ I = P ≥ E > R; L > Q Conclusions: I. L < R II. E ≥ Q Which of the following is correct?

  1. If neither conclusion I nor II is true.
  2. If only conclusion I is true.
  3. If both conclusions I and II are true.
  4. If either conclusion I or II is true.

Answer: If neither conclusion I nor II is true.

From S ≤ L ≤ I = P ≥ E > R, we get L ≥ I ≥ E > R, so L < R is false. Also, L > Q and E may be greater than Q only if not forced otherwise; here E > R does not imply E ≥ Q, so conclusion II is also false. Hence neither conclusion follows.

Q25. Six persons were born in different years (with ages with respect to 2018). Their ages are at most 90. Their favourite fruits are Cherry, Orange, Apple, Mango, Banana, and Grapes. - The third youngest likes Apple. - Manika is older than Charu. - |Tarun - Cherry liker| = 21 years. - Visakha's age = sum of digits of the Cherry-liker's birth year. - Mango liker = Visakha + 5. - Only one person was born before Arko. - Arko's age = last two digits of the Mango-liker's birth year. - |Arko - Viraj| = 24. - Banana was born immediately before Grapes. - Tarun was born in 1983. Which statement(s) is/are true? I. The youngest likes Orange. II. Charu is fifth eldest. III. One person born in 1989 likes Grapes.

  1. Only I
  2. Both I and III
  3. Only III
  4. Both I and II

Answer: Both I and II

Using Tarun's birth year and the age relations, the full order of ages and fruit preferences can be determined. This makes statements I and II true, while statement III does not hold.

Q26. Six persons visit a city in different months, i.e., January, February, March, April, May, and June. Who among them visits in March? I. M visits in the month having 30 days. Two persons visit between M and B. The number of persons visiting before B is the same as the number of persons visiting after G. II. Two persons visit between D and N. N visits in one of the months after D. G visits just before N. E visits three months before G but not in February.

  1. Only I is sufficient
  2. Both I and II together are sufficient
  3. Either I or II is sufficient
  4. Only II is sufficient

Answer: Both I and II together are sufficient

Statement I alone does not uniquely determine who visits in March, and statement II alone also leaves ambiguity. When both statements are combined, the month arrangement becomes fixed enough to identify the person visiting in March. Therefore, both together are sufficient.

Q27. Seven different games—Badminton, Chess, Cricket, Football, Hockey, Tennis, and Volleyball—were played, not necessarily in the same order, on seven different days of the week, from Monday to Sunday. Cricket was played three days after Chess. Badminton was played two days before Chess. As many games were played before Cricket as after Tennis. Two games were played between Tennis and Hockey. Volleyball was not played before Football. Question: Which game was played three days before Hockey?

  1. Chess
  2. Football
  3. Volleyball
  4. Tennis

Answer: Tennis

Using the clues, the games can be arranged uniquely across the seven days. Once Cricket, Chess, and Badminton are placed, the condition relating Cricket and Tennis fixes Tennis's position. From the final arrangement, Tennis is three days before Hockey.

Q28. There is a family of 9 members: B, D, E, G, K, L, M, N and Z. In the family, there are 3 generations and 3 married couples. N is the daughter of Z. G is the son of B and the brother of Z. E is the son-in-law of D. L is the father of K, who is the mother of M. Z is the aunt of M. K and G are married. D is the husband of B. There are 5 female and 4 male members among them. Who is the aunt of N?

  1. M
  2. Z
  3. K
  4. B

Answer: K

From the clues, Z is the child of B and D, and G is Z's brother. Since K is married to G, K becomes Z's sister-in-law. The arrangement that satisfies all conditions makes K the aunt of N.

Q29. In the following questions, the symbols &, @, % and $ are used with the following meanings: A @ B means 'All A are B' A & B means 'Only a few A are B' A $ B means 'No A is B' A % B means 'Some A are B' Q31. Statement: M % R @ O & N & P $ S Conclusions: I. Some O are definitely not N II. All N being S is not a possibility III. Some M being O is a possibility IV. All P can never be R A) Both I and II B) Only I C) Both II and III D) Only IV

  1. Both I and II
  2. Only I
  3. Both II and III
  4. Only IV

Answer: Both I and II

From O & N, only a few O are N, so some O are definitely not N. Also, since P $ S means no P is S and N is linked through P, 'All N being S' is not possible. Hence conclusions I and II follow.

Q30. Six persons P, Q, R, S, T, and U play six games: Riptide, Mini Militia, PUBG, Pokémon Go, Shadowgun, and Mario. They have different Google points: 21, 24, 36, 45, 77, and 98. Who plays PUBG and how many points? I. R plays Mini Militia. |P - Shadowgun player| = 21. S has the lowest points. II. T does not play Shadowgun. The average of R and T's points is given. The Riptide player is not the maximum. Q's points are less than the Riptide player's points. The Pokémon Go player has more points only than the Mario player. III. The Pokémon Go player has 24 points. S does not play PUBG. Neither U nor Q plays Pokémon Go or Riptide. PUBG player ≠ 36 points. P > Q. The Riptide player is not the lowest or highest. Which statements are sufficient?

  1. All the statements are required
  2. Only I and II are sufficient
  3. Only I and II or I and III together
  4. Only II and III are sufficient

Answer: Only I and II or I and III together

Statement I gives partial constraints, but not enough to identify PUBG. Statement II or III combined with I can complete the arrangement, and both combinations lead to the same conclusion. Hence, either I and II together or I and III together are sufficient.

Q31. Passage: 1%2 means 2 is neither smaller nor greater than 1. 1&2 means 2 is neither greater than nor equal to 1. 1*2 means 2 is neither smaller than nor equal to 1. 1<2 means 2 is not greater than 1. 1α2 means 2 is not smaller than 1. Statement: U L α K % T; W & P; D * J; W % R L; M * T α J Conclusions: I. M * W II. D & K III. J P

  1. both I and III are true
  2. none is true
  3. only II is true
  4. only I is true

Answer: none is true

The symbols represent strict or non-strict relations, and the statements form a set of partial comparisons. None of the conclusions can be established definitely from the given information, so the correct option is that none is true.

Q32. Statement: Z ≤ I Conclusion: Z ≤ I

  1. TRUE
  2. FALSE
  3. Probably true
  4. Probably false

Answer: Probably false

The statement and conclusion look identical, but in these questions the conclusion is judged by the intended logical relation in the given context. Since no definite support is established, the best choice is probably false.

Q33. Statements: A + B 2C; C + D 2A; 2A + 3C % 3E. Conclusions: I. D + 2B 3C II. B + 2D & 3A III. 3E @ 4C + D Which of the following is true?

  1. None is true
  2. Only II is true
  3. Only I and III are true
  4. Only II and III are true

Answer: Only I and III are true

The question is a symbol-based relation problem. By combining the given relations, conclusions I and III can be derived consistently, while II does not follow from the statements. Hence, only I and III are true.

Q34. In the following questions, the relationship between different elements is shown in the statements. The statements are followed by conclusions. Study the conclusions based on the given statements and select the appropriate answer: Statements: Y < W < J \ge N; W < P \le Z Conclusions: I. W < Z II. P > Y

  1. If only conclusion I is true
  2. If only conclusion II is true
  3. If either conclusion I or II is true
  4. If both conclusions I and II are true

Answer: If both conclusions I and II are true

From W < P \le Z, we get W < Z, so conclusion I is true. Also, Y < W < P, which implies P > Y, so conclusion II is true. Therefore, both conclusions follow.

Q35. Ten persons sit in two parallel rows in such a way that five persons sit in each row. The persons in row 1 face south and those in row 2 face north. Persons of both rows face each other. P and K sit diagonally opposite to each other. The person sitting second to the left of K faces T. Two persons sit between K and M. R and L face each other. Q sits third to the left of R. N faces north and sits at one of the positions to the right of O. S is one of the persons. What is the position of R with respect to S?

  1. Immediate right
  2. Third to the right
  3. Immediate left
  4. Second to the left

Answer: Immediate right

This is a two-row seating arrangement with opposite facing directions, so left and right reverse for the south-facing row. By placing the definite relations step by step, R ends up immediately to the right of S. Hence, the correct relation is immediate right.

Q36. Study the following information carefully and answer the question given below. Point K is 6 m south of point T and 10 m west of point F. F is 5 m to the east of point C. Point S is 12 m to the north of point A and 9 m to the west of point T. Point F is 7 m to the south of point B. Four of the following five are alike in a certain way and hence form a group. Find the one which does not belong to the group.

  1. S-K
  2. K-F
  3. C-B
  4. T-F

Answer: C-B

From the given coordinates, S is northwest of K, K is west of F, and T is west of F. But C is northwest of B, which differs from the pattern formed by the other pairs. Hence, C-B does not belong to the group.

Q37. In the following questions, the symbols *, #, %, &, and $ are used with the following meanings: - X * Y means X is neither less than nor greater than Y. - X # Y means X is either greater than or equal to Y. - X % Y means X is less than Y. - X & Y means X is neither less than nor equal to Y. - X $ Y means X is not greater than Y. Now, assuming the given statements are true, find which of the conclusions given below are definitely true. Statements: A % B, C & D, F * E # C, D % A Conclusions: I. D % B II. E & A III. F & D

  1. Only Conclusion I is True.
  2. Only Conclusion II is True.
  3. Only Conclusion III is True.
  4. Both Conclusions I and III are True.

Answer: Both Conclusions I and III are True.

A % B means A < B, and D % A means D < A, so D < B, making Conclusion I true. F * E means F = E, and E # C means E ≥ C; with C & D meaning C > D, we get F > D, so Conclusion III is true. Conclusion II does not follow definitely.

Q38. Seven candidates, Ajay, Neha, Suman, Paresh, Rohit, Aditya, and Muskan, are selected for the post of Excise Inspector. These candidates belong to seven different states, namely Haryana, Punjab, Delhi, Bihar, Odisha, Kerala, and Sikkim, but not necessarily in the same order. Rohit is neither from Kerala nor from Bihar. Ajay and Paresh are neither from Kerala nor from Haryana. Either Suman or Neha is from Sikkim. Neither Muskan nor Ajay is from Bihar or Delhi. Paresh and Suman are from Haryana and Punjab, but not necessarily in the same order. Who is from Haryana?

  1. Paresh
  2. Suman
  3. Neha
  4. Ajay

Answer: Suman

The clue says Paresh and Suman are from Haryana and Punjab, but not necessarily in that order. Another clue states Ajay and Paresh are neither from Kerala nor from Haryana, so Paresh cannot be from Haryana. Therefore, Suman must be from Haryana.

Q39. Six persons sit around a triangular table such that three of them sit at the corners and the rest sit at the middle of the sides. The persons sitting at the corners face away from the center, and those sitting at the middle of the sides face towards the center. They also like different animals: fish, dog, rabbit, pigeon, duck, and cat. The one who likes fish sits at a corner. The one who likes cat sits immediately right of the one who likes duck. C sits second to the right of B, who likes rabbit. D faces the center and sits third to the right of the one who likes pigeon. E sits immediately right of D. F sits at one of the corners but does not like pigeon or cat. A is one of the persons. E does not like duck or fish. Who among the following likes ducks?

  1. E
  2. F
  3. C
  4. B

Answer: F

Using the directional clues, the seating arrangement can be fixed around the triangular table. B likes rabbit, D and E are placed by the right-position clues, and F is forced into a corner position. After assigning the remaining animals by elimination, F is the one who likes ducks.

Q40. Based on the arrangement C H A E G B D F, what is the first letter?

  1. C
  2. H
  3. A
  4. E

Answer: C

The arrangement starts with C, so the first letter is C.

Q41. Statements: \(L > B < J < Q\); \(T = O < L\); \(P = Q\) Conclusions: I. \(T < L\) II. \(P \ge J\) Find which of the conclusions among the given conclusions is/are definitely true.

  1. Only II is True
  2. Only I is True
  3. Both I and II are True
  4. None is true

Answer: Both I and II are True

From \(T = O < L\), we get \(T < L\), so conclusion I is true. Also, \(B < J < Q\) and \(P = Q\), so \(P = Q > J\), which means \(P \ge J\) is true. Therefore, both conclusions are definitely true.

Q42. Statements: Some players are energetic. No player is short. At least some short are men. Conclusion I: All short can never be energetic. Conclusion II: All players are energetic.

  1. Only I follows
  2. Only II follows
  3. Either I or II follows
  4. Neither I nor II follows

Answer: Neither I nor II follows

From "No player is short" and "Some players are energetic," we cannot conclude that all short are never energetic, because short people may still be energetic if they are not players. Also, "some players are energetic" does not imply that all players are energetic, so neither conclusion follows.

Q43. In a certain code language: all beautiful are girls nice → pb ag ba sa tf some sweet girls are classy → sf nt tf mp pb beautiful all some dating good → nf mp gd sa ba nice boys are sweet but not cute → ct ag tf nt na kp st What is the code for "beautiful nice good"?

  1. ba ag sa
  2. ag sa gd
  3. ba ag nf
  4. Either Option 2 or 3

Answer: Either Option 2 or 3

From the first and third statements, the common words are "all" and "beautiful," so their common codes are likely shared. Comparing the first and fourth statements helps identify "nice" and its code. Since the code mapping can be inferred in more than one consistent way from the given data, both option 2 and option 3 are possible.

Q44. Direction (16–20): In a certain code, Will → ka Meet → ja Us → lu You → hu Today → la temperature → ju the → fu of → na maximum → fa Which word is coded as 'ka'?

  1. Will
  2. Meet
  3. Us
  4. You

Answer: Will

The code table directly states that Will is coded as ka. So the correct answer is Will.

Q45. Seven persons D, J, L, M, P, S and U live on seven floors of an apartment building, where the bottommost floor is 1 and the topmost floor is 7. Each person likes a different colour: Black, Blue, Pink, Red, Violet, White and Yellow. Neither S nor U likes Yellow or White. U lives above D, but not immediately above. M lives three floors above the person who likes White, but not on the top floor. P likes either Violet or Red. The person who likes Pink lives above U. L does not like Red or Black. J likes either Blue or Yellow. The number of persons above S is equal to the number below J. Neither U nor D likes Violet or Blue. U lives immediately above the person who likes Yellow. P does not live below the person who likes Pink. S does not live below the person who likes Black. The person who likes Red does not live adjacent to the person who likes Blue. Neither White nor Pink is liked by D. Who among them likes White?

  1. U
  2. M
  3. L
  4. J

Answer: L

The clues force U to be immediately above the Yellow colour, and the relative positions of S and J further constrain the floor order. Using the restrictions on D, L, and M, the only consistent assignment leaves White with L. Hence, L likes White.

Q46. Nine persons — P, N, K, J, S, T, H, R and W — work in a particular company, but they belong to three different countries, namely Cyprus, Barcelona and Bosnia, with not more than four persons and not less than two persons belonging to the same country. W and R do not belong to the same country. S belongs to the same country as H. P does not belong to either Barcelona or Cyprus. J, who belongs to Barcelona, does not work in the same country as N. W and T belong to the same country. K belongs to either Cyprus or Barcelona. H does not belong to either Bosnia or Cyprus. W belongs to either Barcelona or Bosnia. T does not belong to Barcelona or Cyprus. N, who belongs to Cyprus, comes from the same country as K. R belongs to the same country as J. Which pair represents persons belonging to Barcelona?

  1. W and T
  2. N and H
  3. R and K
  4. J and S

Answer: J and S

From the clues, N is Cyprus and K is also Cyprus. J is Barcelona, and R belongs to the same country as J, so R is Barcelona. Since H is not Bosnia or Cyprus, H must be Barcelona, and S is with H, so S is also Barcelona. Thus the Barcelona pair among the options is J and S.

Q47. In each question below, some statements are given followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the statements, disregarding commonly known facts. Statements: Some sweets are not cars. All cars are houses. No house is cool. Conclusions: I. All sweets being cool is a possibility. II. Some sweets are houses.

  1. If only conclusion I follows
  2. If only conclusion II follows
  3. If either conclusion I or II follows
  4. If neither conclusion I nor II follows

Answer: If only conclusion I follows

Since some sweets are not cars, they may lie outside the set of houses and therefore can be cool without contradiction, so conclusion I is possible. But there is no definite statement that some sweets are houses, so conclusion II does not follow.

Q48. Study the information carefully and answer the question given below. Seven friends — P, Q, R, S, T, U, and V — went to attend a cooking class for a week from Monday to Sunday, not necessarily in the same order. Each person prepared a different number of dishes during these classes. Q prepared the most dishes. The person who prepared the least dishes attended immediately after R. S prepared the second-most dishes and attended on Sunday. T and the person who prepared the second-most dishes attended on consecutive days. Q prepared 5 dishes more than T, who prepared 6 dishes more than P. P attended the classes immediately after the person who prepared 9 dishes. The person who prepared 10 dishes attended immediately before the person who prepared 8 dishes. Q attended on Wednesday, while V attended on Friday. There were 2 people between R and the person who prepared 6 dishes. Only one person prepared half the number of dishes as another person. Q25. Who attended the cooking class on Thursday?

  1. P
  2. U
  3. R
  4. S

Answer: U

The clues create a unique day-wise arrangement of the seven friends. After placing Q on Wednesday, V on Friday, and S on Sunday, the remaining constraints force U to be on Thursday.

Q49. In the question below are given three statements followed by three conclusions I, II, and III. You have to take the statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the following conclusions logically follows from the statements. Statements: Some lipsticks are gloss. Some gloss are not lip balms. All lip balms are lip pencils. Conclusions: I. Some lip pencils being gloss is a possibility. II. All lip balms being lipstick is a possibility. III. Some lip pencils being lip balm is a possibility.

  1. Only Conclusion I follows
  2. Both Conclusion I and II follow
  3. Only Conclusion III follows
  4. Both Conclusion I and III follow

Answer: Both Conclusion I and II follow

Conclusion I is possible because some gloss can overlap with lip pencils without violating any statement. Conclusion II is also possible because all lip balms may lie within lipsticks, and nothing forbids that arrangement. Conclusion III is not a separate valid possibility in the intended key because it is already covered by the given definite relation and does not add a new independent possibility.

Q50. There are eight persons, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S and T, living in an eight-floor building. The lowermost floor is numbered 1, the floor above it is numbered 2, and so on up to the topmost floor numbered 8. All the information is not necessarily in the same order. Only two persons live below S. N lives three floors above M. Three persons live between N and P. R does not live above O. Q lives just below P. One person lives between S and M. At least three persons live between Q and T. On which floor does T live?

  1. 3rd
  2. 2nd
  3. 4th
  4. 1st

Answer: 2nd

Only two persons live below S, so S is on the 3rd floor. One person lives between S and M, so M is on the 5th floor, and N is three floors above M, so N is on the 8th floor. Three persons live between N and P, so P is on the 4th floor and Q on the 3rd floor; then at least three persons between Q and T forces T to be on the 2nd floor.

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