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A capacitor is kept connected to a battery and a dielectric slab is inserted between the plates. During this process

1. No work is done
2. Work is done at the cost of the energy already stored in the capacitor before the slab is inserted
3. Work is done at the cost of the battery
4. Work is done at the cost of both the capacitor and the battery

Correct answer: Work is done at the cost of the battery

Solution

When the capacitor remains connected to a battery, the voltage stays constant. Inserting a dielectric increases capacitance, so the capacitor draws additional charge from the battery. Hence the work done is supplied by the battery.

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