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A positive charge and a negative charge are held in place and initially form a dipole. Then a uncharged conducting bar is placed in between them. How is the force between the charges affected?

1. The force increases.
2. The force is unaffected.
3. The force decreases.
4. The answer cannot be determined.

Correct answer: The force decreases.

Solution

When the uncharged conducting bar is inserted, free charges in the bar rearrange so the side near each external charge acquires opposite induced charge. This polarization partially cancels the electric field between the original charges, so their mutual attraction/repulsion is reduced.

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