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p-n junction is said to be forward biased, when

1. the positive pole of the battery is joined to the p-semiconductor and negative pole to the n-semiconductor
2. the positive pole of the battery is joined to the n-semiconductor and p-semiconductor joined to negative pole of the battery
3. the positive pole of the battery is connected to n-semiconductor and p-semiconductor is connected to the positive pole of the battery
4. a mechanical force is applied in the forward direction

Correct answer: the positive pole of the battery is joined to the p-semiconductor and negative pole to the n-semiconductor

Solution

In forward bias, the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the p-type semiconductor and the negative terminal to the n-type semiconductor, reducing the potential barrier and allowing current to flow.

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