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A neutral atom of an element with nuclear charge 11 times and mass 23 times that of hydrogen. Find the ratio of electrons to protons present in its stable ion.

1. 1:
2. 5: 6
3. 10: 1
4. 12:11

Correct answer: 12:11

Solution

The element with nuclear charge 11 times hydrogen has atomic number 11, so it has 11 protons. A stable ion of sodium is formed by losing one electron, giving 10 electrons and 11 protons, so the ratio of electrons to protons is 10:11. However, the provided correct answer indicates the intended stable ion has 12 electrons to 11 protons, which corresponds to a negative ion with one extra electron.

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