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Cr³⁺ will be most stable in aqueous solution according to crystal field theory. It has t₂g³ configuration, which is most stable among the given options.

1. Sc³⁺: 1s², 2s²2p⁶, 3s²3p⁶3d⁰4s⁰; no unpaired electron.
2. Cu⁺: 1s², 2s²2p⁶, 3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰4s⁰; no unpaired electron.
3. Ni²⁺: 1s², 2s²2p⁶, 3s²3p⁶3d⁸4s⁰; 2 unpaired electrons present.
4. Ti³⁺: 1s², 2s²2p⁶, 3s²3p⁶3d¹4s⁰; 1 unpaired electron present.

Correct answer: Ti³⁺: 1s², 2s²2p⁶, 3s²3p⁶3d¹4s⁰; 1 unpaired electron present.

Solution

Cr³⁺ with t₂g³ configuration is most stable due to maximum crystal field stabilization energy (CFSE) among the options. Ti³⁺ with t₂g¹ configuration is the next most stable due to partial CFSE, while others lack significant CFSE.

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