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The main reason for larger number of oxidation states exhibited by the actinoids than the corresponding lanthanoids is

1. more energy difference between 5f and 6d orbitals than between 4f and 5d orbitals.
2. lesser energy difference between 5f and 6d orbitals than between 4f and 5d orbitals.
3. larger atomic size of actinoids than the lanthanoids.
4. greater reactive nature of the actinoids than the lanthanoids.

Correct answer: lesser energy difference between 5f and 6d orbitals than between 4f and 5d orbitals.

Solution

The actinoids exhibit a larger number of oxidation states because the energy difference between their 5f and 6d orbitals is smaller compared to the energy difference between the 4f and 5d orbitals in lanthanoids, allowing more electrons to participate in bonding.

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