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The manganate and permanganate ions are tetrahedral, due to:

1. The π-bonding involves overlap of p-orbitals of oxygen with d-orbitals of manganese
2. There is no π-bonding
3. The π-bonding involves overlap of p-orbital of oxygen with p-orbitals of manganese
4. The π-bonding involves overlap of d-orbital of oxygen with d-orbitals of manganese

Correct answer: The π-bonding involves overlap of p-orbitals of oxygen with d-orbitals of manganese

Solution

The tetrahedral shape of manganate and permanganate ions arises because π-bonding occurs via the overlap of p-orbitals of oxygen with d-orbitals of manganese, stabilizing the structure.

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