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Movement of ions against concentration gradient involves the expenditure of energy. Diffusion involves the movement of solute particles from region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. Pinocytosis is cell drinking. Brownian movement is the random to and fro movement of atoms and molecules.

1. Diffusion is a passive process.
2. Pinocytosis involves the engulfing of liquid particles.
3. Brownian movement is random.
4. Active transport requires energy.

Correct answer: Active transport requires energy.

Solution

Active transport moves substances against their concentration gradient, so it cannot happen without an energy input. The other statements describe diffusion, pinocytosis, and Brownian motion, but the energy-requiring process is active transport.

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