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Substances that have a hydrophilic moiety, find it difficult to pass through the membrane; their movement has to be facilitated by the membrane protein without expenditure of ATP energy. Facilitated diffusion cannot cause net transport of molecules from a low to a high concentration or uphill transport.

1. Facilitated diffusion is specific.
2. Transport rate reaches a maximum when all of the protein transporters are being used (saturation).
3. Facilitated diffusion does not require ATP.
4. Facilitated diffusion is a passive process.

Correct answer: Facilitated diffusion is a passive process.

Solution

Facilitated diffusion moves molecules through membrane proteins without ATP, so it is a passive process. The other statements are also true properties of facilitated diffusion, but the key classification asked here is that it is passive.

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