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Which of the following is a reducing sugar?

1. galactose
2. gluconic acid
3. β-methyl galactoside
4. sucrose

Correct answer: galactose

Solution

Galactose is a monosaccharide with a free hemiacetal anomeric carbon, so it can open to its aldehyde form and act as a reducing sugar. Gluconic acid is oxidized, β-methyl galactoside is a glycoside with the anomeric carbon blocked, and sucrose is nonreducing because both anomeric carbons are tied up in the glycosidic bond.

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