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Two values p and q are independently selected at random from the set {1, 2, 3, 4}, with replacement. What is the probability that p² is at least 4q?
- 1/4
- 3/16
- 1/2
- 7/16
Correct answer: 7/16
Solution
From {1,2,3,4} with replacement: q=1 needs p>=2 (3 ways), q=2 needs p>=3 (2), q=3 needs p>=4 (1), q=4 needs p=4 (1). Total 7 favourable out of 16, so probability = 7/16.
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