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For the thermal decomposition of the alkaline-earth carbonates MCO3(s) -> MO(s) + CO2(g), which member's equilibrium has the largest Kp at one fixed temperature?

1. MgCO3 -> MgO + CO2
2. CaCO3 -> CaO + CO2
3. SrCO3 -> SrO + CO2
4. BaCO3 -> BaO + CO2

Correct answer: MgCO3 -> MgO + CO2

Solution

MgCO3 is the least thermally stable of these carbonates, so it decomposes most easily and has the highest equilibrium CO2 pressure, hence the largest Kp.

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