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Given below are two statements : Statement I : Phenol on treatment with CHCl3 / aq. KOH under refluxing condition, followed by acidification produces p-hydroxy benzaldehyde as the major product and o-hydroxy benzaldehyde as minor product. Statement II : The mixture of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and o-hydroxybenzaldehyde can be easily separated through steam distillation. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1. Both Statement I and Statement II are false
2. Statement I is true but Statement II is false
3. Both Statement I and Statement II are true
4. Statement I is false but Statement II is true

Correct answer: Statement I is false but Statement II is true

Solution

Statement I is incorrect because the reaction of phenol with CHCl3 and KOH typically leads to the formation of salicylaldehyde (o-hydroxybenzaldehyde) as the major product, not p-hydroxybenzaldehyde. However, Statement II is accurate since p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and o-hydroxybenzaldehyde can indeed be separated by steam distillation due to their differing boiling points.

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