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o-Xylene is first treated with HNO3 to give compound X, which on reaction with phenol in the presence of H2SO4 forms product Y. What is Y?

1. Phthalic acid
2. Isophthalic acid
3. Phenolphthalein
4. o-Hydroxysulphonic acid

Correct answer: Phenolphthalein

Solution

Oxidation/nitration handling of o-xylene gives phthalic acid (X), which as its anhydride condenses with two molecules of phenol under H2SO4 to form phenolphthalein (Y).

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