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Among the following molecules, which one has the lowest dipole moment?

1. CHCl3
2. CH2Cl2
3. CCl4
4. CH3Cl

Correct answer: CCl4

Solution

CCl4 is a symmetric tetrahedral molecule in which the four identical C-Cl bond dipoles are arranged symmetrically and cancel completely, giving a net dipole moment of zero. CHCl3, CH2Cl2, and CH3Cl are unsymmetrical, so their bond dipoles do not cancel and they have finite dipole moments. Therefore CCl4 has the lowest (zero) dipole moment.

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