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Among CH3Cl, CH2Cl2, CHCl3 and CCl4, which molecule has the highest dipole moment?

1. CH3Cl
2. CH2Cl2
3. CHCl3
4. CCl4

Correct answer: CH3Cl

Solution

In CCl4 the four identical C-Cl dipoles cancel, giving zero. For the others, experimentally CH3Cl has the largest dipole moment (about 1.87 D), slightly above CH2Cl2 (about 1.60 D) and CHCl3 (about 1.04 D). In CH3Cl the single strongly polar C-Cl bond is not opposed by other C-Cl dipoles, giving the largest net moment.

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