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Four trends are listed below. Which one of them is INCORRECT?

1. Ionic character of halides: MCl < MCl2 < MCl3 (ionic character increases with oxidation state of M)
2. Polarisability: F- < Cl- < Br- < I-
3. Polarising power: Na+ < Mg2+ < Al3+
4. Covalent character: LiF < LiCl < LiBr < LiI

Correct answer: Ionic character of halides: MCl < MCl2 < MCl3 (ionic character increases with oxidation state of M)

Solution

Fajans rules state that higher charge on the cation leads to greater polarisation of the anion, increasing covalent character. Therefore ionic character should DECREASE as oxidation state increases (MCl > MCl2 > MCl3), making the stated order MCl < MCl2 < MCl3 incorrect.

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