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Consider the three nitrogen species NH2⁻, NH3, and NH4⁺. Which of the following statements about these species is correct? (P) The hybridization of the nitrogen atom is the same in all three. (Q) The number of lone pairs on nitrogen is the same in all three. (R) The molecular geometry (shape) is different for all three. (S) The bond angle order is NH2⁻ < NH3 < NH4⁺.

1. (P)
2. (Q)
3. (R)
4. (S)

Correct answer: (P)

Solution

In NH2⁻, NH3, and NH4⁺, nitrogen has 4 electron pairs in all cases giving sp3 hybridization throughout, making statement (P) true. Lone pair counts differ and shapes differ, but hybridization remains sp3.

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