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An electrochemical concentration cell is set up using two silver half-cells: Half-cell P: Ag(s) in 0.05 M AgNO3 Half-cell Q: Ag(s) in 0.01 M AgNO3 Which of the following changes will increase the cell voltage (E_cell)?
- E_cell increases if the AgNO3 concentration in half-cell P is increased
- E_cell increases if the AgNO3 concentration in half-cell Q is increased
- E_cell increases if the AgNO3 concentration in half-cell P is decreased
- E_cell increases if the AgNO3 concentration in half-cell Q is decreased
Correct answer: E_cell increases if the AgNO3 concentration in half-cell Q is decreased
Solution
Half-cell P (higher [Ag+] = 0.05 M) acts as cathode and Q (lower [Ag+] = 0.01 M) acts as anode. E_cell = (0.0592)*log([P]/[Q]); decreasing [Q] (anode concentration) increases the ratio and therefore increases E_cell.
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