An error of 2% in excess is made while measuring the side of a square. The percentage error in the calculated area of the square is:

2%
2.02%
4%
4.04%

Correct answer: 4.04%

Solution

If the side is measured 2% in excess, the measured side becomes 1.02 times the actual side. Since area is proportional to the square of the side, the calculated area becomes $(1.02)^2 = 1.0404$ times the actual area, so the error is 4.04% in excess.

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