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A cascade connection of two voltage amplifiers A1 and A2 is shown in the figure. The open-loop gain A_v0, input resistance R_in and output resistance Rₒ for A1 and A2 are as follows: A1: A_v0 = 10, R_in = 10 kΩ, Rₒ = 1 kΩ. A2: A_v0 = 5, R_in = 5 kΩ, Rₒ = 200 Ω. The approximate overall voltage gain v_out/v_in is

1. 50
2. 40
3. 25
4. 10

Correct answer: 40

Solution

The overall voltage gain in a cascade connection is calculated by multiplying the gains of each amplifier while considering the loading effect. Here, the output resistance of A1 affects the input of A2, leading to an effective gain of 10 (from A1) multiplied by 4 (from A2 after accounting for the loading), resulting in an overall gain of approximately 40.

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