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The number of people diagnosed with dengue fever, contracted from the bite of a mosquito, in north India is twice the number diagnosed last year. Municipal authorities have concluded that measures to control the mosquito population have failed in this region. Which one of the following statements, if true, does not contradict this conclusion?

1. A high proportion of the affected population has returned from neighbouring countries where dengue is prevalent
2. More cases of dengue are now reported because of an increase in the Municipal Office's administrative efficiency
3. Many more cases of dengue are being diagnosed this year since the introduction of a new and effective diagnostic test
4. The number of people with malarial fever, also contracted from mosquito bites, has increased this year

Correct answer: A high proportion of the affected population has returned from neighbouring countries where dengue is prevalent

Solution

To avoid contradicting the conclusion, the statement should not explain the increase in dengue cases by some other factor unrelated to mosquito control. If many affected people returned from dengue-prone countries, the rise could still be consistent with failed mosquito-control measures. The other options provide alternative explanations that weaken the conclusion.

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