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A capacitor is charged by a battery. The battery is removed and another identical uncharged capacitor is connected in parallel. The total electrostatic energy of resulting system :

1. decreases by a factor of 2
2. remains the same
3. increases by a factor of 2
4. increases by a factor of 4

Correct answer: decreases by a factor of 2

Solution

When the charged capacitor is connected to an identical uncharged capacitor in parallel, the charge redistributes equally between the two capacitors. Since energy is proportional to the square of the charge, the total energy of the system decreases by a factor of 2.

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