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A satellite S is moving in an elliptical orbit around the earth. The mass of the satellite is very small compared to the mass of the earth. Then,

1. the total mechanical energy of S varies periodically with time.
2. the linear momentum of S remains constant in magnitude.
3. the acceleration of S is always directed towards the centre of the earth.
4. the angular momentum of S about the centre of the earth changes in direction, but its magnitude remains constant.

Correct answer: the acceleration of S is always directed towards the centre of the earth.

Solution

The satellite is under the influence of Earth's gravitational force, which always acts as a central force directed towards the center of the Earth. This ensures that the acceleration of the satellite is always directed towards the center of the Earth.

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