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Consider a car moving along a straight horizontal road with a speed of 72 km/h. If the coefficient of static friction between the tyres and the road is 0.5, the shortest distance in which the car can be stopped is (taking g = 10 m/s²):
- 30 m
- 40 m
- 72 m
- 20 m
Correct answer: 40 m
Solution
The car's initial speed is 72 km/h = 20 m/s. The maximum deceleration is given by friction, a = μg = 0.5 × 10 = 5 m/s². Using the equation v² = u² - 2as, where v = 0, u = 20 m/s, and a = 5 m/s², we get s = u² / (2a) = 20² / (2 × 5) = 40 m.
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