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Two blocks m₁ = 5 gm and m₂ = 10 gm are hung vertically over a light frictionless pulley as shown here. What is the acceleration of the masses when they are left free? (where g is acceleration due to gravity)

1. g / 3
2. g / 2
3. g
4. g / 5

Correct answer: g / 3

Solution

The net force acting on the system is (m₂ - m₁)g, and the total mass of the system is (m₁ + m₂). Using Newton's second law, acceleration a = (m₂ - m₁)g / (m₁ + m₂). Substituting m₁ = 5 gm and m₂ = 10 gm, we get a = (10 - 5)g / (10 + 5) = g / 3.

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