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A battery of 10 V and internal resistance 0.5Ω is connected across a variable resistance R. The value of R for which the power delivered is maximum is equal to

1. 0.25Ω
2. 0.5Ω
3. 1.0Ω
4. 2.0Ω

Correct answer: 0.5Ω

Solution

The power delivered to the external resistance R is maximum when R equals the internal resistance of the battery, according to the maximum power transfer theorem. Here, the internal resistance is 0.5Ω, so R = 0.5Ω.

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