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What is the formula for internal energy (U) of an ideal gas?

1. U = nRT
2. U = (3/2)nRT
3. U = (1/2)nRT
4. U = (5/2)nRT

Correct answer: U = (3/2)nRT

Solution

For an ideal gas, the internal energy (U) depends only on temperature and is given by U = (3/2)nRT for a monoatomic gas, derived from the degrees of freedom and kinetic theory of gases.

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