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The density of water at 20°C is 998 kg/m³ and at 40°C 992 kg/m³. The coefficient of volume expansion of water is:

  1. 10⁻⁴/°C
  2. 3 × 10⁻⁴/°C
  3. 2 × 10⁻⁴/°C
  4. 6 × 10⁻⁴/°C

Correct answer: 2 × 10⁻⁴/°C

Solution

The coefficient of volume expansion is calculated using the formula β = (Δρ / ρ₀) / ΔT. Substituting the given values: Δρ = 998 - 992 = 6 kg/m³, ρ₀ = 998 kg/m³, and ΔT = 40°C - 20°C = 20°C, we get β = (6 / 998) / 20 ≈ 2 × 10⁻⁴/°C.

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